DEFINITIONS ; STRUCTURE, SYSTEM AND THERE MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS.
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It will help you create a better understanding of your home and the projects you wish to accomplish.
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  COMPONENTS OF A BUILDINGS STRUCTURE POSSIBLY ABOVE GROUND.  

COMPONENTS OF A BUILDINGS STRUCTURE POSSIBLY BELOW GROUND. 
Footings
http://www.strunet.com/download/spread_footing.html
Foundation
http://more2ndthoughts.blogspot.com/2008/08/great-foundation.html
Sill Plate
http://www.city-data.com/forum/raleigh-durham-chapel-hill-cary/257996-house-foundation-sill-plate.html
Gravel, aggregate back-fill.
http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/ibp/irc/cbd/building-digest-128.html
French rain or sub-drain
http://www.foundation-repair-guide.com/french-drain.html
The impotence here is understanding how components interact with one another.
The unifying, bonding and controlling the interactions of attached members and systems. 
Windows- Exterior masonry Veneers - Eave - Dormer - Cornice 

WINDOWS ONE OF THE MOST EXPENSIVE COMPONENTS TO REPLACE IN A HOME. THEY SAVE ENERGY RESOURCES = MONEY. 

So exactly how often should you replace your windows? Usually a good set of windows needs to be replaced every 15-20 years. 
One area that is often overlooked that can easily upgrade the look of our house is replacing your windows. New windows not only will make your house look better but older window models can actually cost you money by letting a ton of heat out of your house. Your energy bills can actually increase by over 50% because of the heat that gets out of your house.
Pocket Door - Sliding Patio Door - Screen Door - Pocket Door - Bi-fold and Bypass Doors.
All have the same in common. Cabinetry. The materals and glass of glazing are different depending upon placement.